Japan | September 1945

Dai Ichi Building in Tokyo flying both the American and United Nations flags

Soon after the official surrender of Japan, General MacArthur moved his headquarters into the Dai Ichi building in Tokyo. At noon, 8 September 1945, on the terrace of the U.S. Embassy, he met an honor guard from the 1st Calvary Division; they held the Stars and Stripes that had flown over the Capitol Building in Washington D.C. on 7 December 1941 – Pearl Harbor Day. As the red, white and blue began to rise… MacArthur said, “General Eichelberger, have our country’s flag unfurled and in Tokyo’s sun let it wave its full glory as a symbol of hope for the oppressed and as a harbinger of victory for the right.”

Hideki Tojo

Immediately after the ceremony, Major Paul Kraus and his MPs and a throng of reporters, (including George Jones of the New York Times) surrounded the home of Hideki Tojo. The general shot himself in the chest before anyone could enter his office. The bullet missed his heart. At the 48th Evacuation Hospital, he told Gen. Eichelberger, “I am sorry to have given General Eichelberger so much trouble.” The general asked, “Do you mean tonight or the last few years?” The answer was, “Tonight. I want General Eichelberger to have my new saber.”

Prince Konoye, 3-time Premier of Japan, after drinking poison

The night before Prince Konoye was to be sent to Sugamo Prison, he drank poison and died. (I personally feel that the prince might have been acquitted of war criminal charges at the trials. He had tried for years to bring peace, his mistake being, his having chosen the Soviets as mediators and Stalin blocked him at every step.)

In reply of Allied and liberated Japanese press opinions of the Emperor, MacArthur was determined not to humiliate him: “To do so,” the general said, “would be to outrage the feelings of the Japanese people and make a martyr of the Emperor in their eyes.” As a student of Asian cultures, he proved to be correct. It would take two weeks, but the Emperor requested an interview with the general himself.

Gen. MacArthur & Emperor Hirohito

His Majesty arrived in his ancient limousine with Grand Chamberlain Fujita and was met with a salute from General Bonner F. Fellers. When Fellers’ hand dropped, the Emperor grabbed it. An interpreter quickly explained that the Emperor was happy to see him. Fellers replied, “I am honored to meet you. Come in and meet General MacArthur.” Nervously, Hirohito allowed himself to be escorted up the staircase to the general’s office.

Trying to ease the tension, MacArthur told him he had been presented to his father, Emperor Taisho, after the Russian-Japanese War and offered Hirohito an American cigarette. The Emperor’s hand shook as it was lit and the general then dismissed everyone except the interpreter. The conversation before an open fire was observed, unknowingly, by Mrs. MacArthur and their son, Arthur who hid behind the long red drapes.

The emperor had been forewarned not to assume any responsibility for the war, but he did just that. “I come to you, General MacArthur, to offer myself to the judgment of the powers you represent as the one to bear sole responsibility for every political and military decision made and action taken by my people in the conduct of this war.”

The Emperor on the palace grounds, 1940

MacArthur freely admitted being moved “to the marrow of my bones. He was an Emperor by inherent birth, but in that instant I knew I faced the First Gentleman of Japan in his own right.”

The Japanese acknowledged, without reservations, the temporal power of the current shogun, but revered what was eternal. (The Imperial Palace)

Resources: U.S. Signal Corps; “The Rising Sun” by John Toland; Gene Slover’s US Navy Papers; historyinanhour.com

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Military Humor –

“Cover me Johnson … I’ve got to tweet this!”

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Farewell Salutes – 

John W. Andreoli – Huntsville, AL; US Army, 11th Airborne Division (Ret. 20 y.)

Daredevil,
Courtesy of Tofino Photography

William Armstrong (100) – Pasadena, CA; US Army, WWII, PTO & Korea, Lt. Col. (Ret. 28 y.), Combat Engineers

Helen Beckman (100) – Coeur d’Alene, ID; Civilian, WWII, Cole factory parachutes & U.S. Tire

Joseph Chetcuti (103) – Mosta, Malta; Malta defense

William Crites – Saginaw, MI; USMC, Korea, SSgt., Purple Heart

Eleanor (Cureton) Doran (101) – San Antonio, TX; Civilian, WWII, Army Signal Corps

Richard J. Hain – Reading, PA; US Army, Korea, 82nd Airborne Division

Robert E. Klapa – Oshkosh, WI; US Army, Korea, 187th RCT

John W. Morton – Toronto, CAN; RC Air Force, WWII, pilot

Ronald Polit – Slidell, LA; US Army, 11th Airborne Division

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